Dry goods | record your first web automation test case

Web Acceptance testing of applications often involves some manual tasks , For example, open a browser , And perform the operations described in a test case . However, manual tasks are prone to human errors , It takes more time and cost . therefore , Automate these tasks , You can eliminate human factors .Selenium Can help us automatically complete the acceptance test , By building more rigorous tests , This makes the software more reliable and easier to maintain .

Selenium Test framework and case writing

Selenium What is it? ？

Selenium It's for testing Web Application user interface (UI) Common framework of . It is a powerful tool for running end-to-end functional tests . You can write tests in multiple programming languages , also Selenium Is the ability to perform these tests in one or more browsers .

Write code using client Of api then client and Selenium Communication how to operate , after selenium Through the browser driver Operate the browser to perform various actions .

The latest version is Selenium 3,Selenium Core components include ：

• Selenium WebDriver
• Selenium IDE
• Selenium Grid

Selenium Source code ：
https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium,[Selenium Client Driver]
(https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/py/)：
Selenium WebDriver Of Python Language implementation .
Reference resources ：Selenium with Python

1. Install browser ：Firefox、Chrome
2. Download browser Driver：
3.GeckoDriver（Firefox）、ChromeDriver（Chrome）,WebDriver The version needs to be consistent with the browser version .
4. install Selenium Client Driver：

pip install selenium

A test case is a set of sets provided to the system under test for the purpose of testing , This set of collections contains ： Test environment 、 Operation steps 、 Test data 、 Expected results, etc .
Be careful ： The final result of a test case is only one ： Success or failure .

The three core elements are ： title 、 step 、 Expected results

• title ： Is a description of the test case , The title should clearly express the test case
• step ： Describe the test execution process
• Expected results ： Provide the expected results of test execution , The expected results are generally based on demand , If the actual results are consistent with the expected results, the test passes , On the contrary, failure .

The first is to import... At the top of the code Selenium My bag , The second is the naming of test methods 、 testing procedure 、 Assertion .

from selenium import webdriverdef test_search():      #  The title of the test is  test_search    driver = webdriver.Chrome()                                                driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')                                     #  Test steps             search = driver.find_element_by_id('su').get_attribute('value')         #                assert search == " Baidu "  #  Assert the expected result 

After installation , Start by clicking the icon in the browser's menu bar .

First step ： After creating a new project , named hogwarts_demo1.
The second step ： Then you need to fill in URL（ The website to record the test script URL）. What we use here is https://ceshiren.com/.
The third step ： After setting up , A new browser window will open , load URL And start recording the script . All actions on the page will be recorded in IDE in . After the operation is completed , Switch to IDE Window and click the stop recording button .

Step four ： After the stop , Name the test case you just recorded ceshiren_demo1
Export use case analysis
utilize Selenium IDE export pytest Format code .
The exported use case code is as follows ：

                      # Comments are made by  Selenium IDE  Generated code                       # Generated by Selenium IDE                      # Import possible dependencies                       import pytest                      from selenium import webdriver                      from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By                                            class TestDemo():                        #setup_module() It will only run once at the beginning of the test                           def setup_method(self, method):                              # initialization webdriver                                  self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()                                      self.vars = {}                                                                              #teardown_module() Only run once at the end of the test                                           def teardown_method(self, method):                                            # Close the browser and close startup  ChromeDriver  Start the  ChromeDriver  Executable file                                                 self.driver.quit()                                                  # The test method                                                     def test_demo(self):                                                        # Visit website                                                             self.driver.get("https://ceshiren.com/")                                                                # Set window size                                                                     self.driver.set_window_size(1473, 866)                                                                        # Click on the action                                                                             self.driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, " All categories ").click()                                                                                self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#ember201 .category-name").click()                                                                                    # Close the current window                                                                                         self.driver.close()

This code simply realizes the simple automation of the browser

Get more ：https://qrcode.ceba.ceshiren.com/link?name=article&project_id=qrcode&from=hwyun&timestamp=1650522766