How to test Android WebView for automated testing of dry goods app

Hybrid App（ Hybrid mobile applications ） Is between Web-app、Native-app Between app, Essentially, Native-app Embedded in WebView Components , stay WebView Components can access Web App.Hybrid App While giving users a good interactive experience , And you have Web App cross-platform 、 Heat renewal mechanism and other advantages .

Android WebView stay Android On the platform is a special View, Use it to display web content .WebView The internal implementation uses the rendering engine to display View The content of , Provides Web pages forward and backward 、 Page enlargement 、 narrow 、 Search and other functions . Use WebView Testing requires the cooperation of developers to open a WebView The switch of .

WebView switch

WebView It's a browser embedded in mobile applications , stay Android 4.4 Before WebView The kernel uses WebKit,Android 4.4 Then I used Chrome As a built-in browser . It is used to load HTML Page controls . In the simulator （android6.0 edition ） The default is to open WebView On off , It can be debugged and tested directly WebView. When testing a real machine , Must be opened in the app WebView Commissioning switch . To enable the WebView debugging , Please be there. WebView Class setWebContentsDebuggingEnabled.

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {    if (0 != (getApplicationInfo().flags &\         ApplicationInfo.FLAG_DEBUGGABLE))             { WebView.setWebContentsDebuggingEnabled(true); }             }

After turning on this switch , Open the tested on the mobile terminal WebView page , Then on the computer side Chrome Enter... In the browser address bar “chrome://inspect” The... On the device will be displayed WebView list .
Click the... You want to debug WebView At the bottom of the inspect link , You can view the source code of this page . Through the source code, you can view and determine the element positioning expression .

If you encounter Chrome Browser version and Chromedriver Version mismatch problem , You can see ：
https://ceshiren.com/t/topic/3275

WebView test

Switch to WebView page , You can use Selenium Operational elements .
driver.switch_to.context Method can switch from the native page to WebView page , The sample code is as follows ：

             webview = driver.contexts[-1]             driver.switch_to.context(webview)

WebView Case study

Snowball case , Open the snowball app , Click on “ transaction ”, Click on “A Account opening ” Go to the account opening page , Verify that the page is correct . Here's the picture ：

                 def test_webview(self):                         #  Click trade                                  self.driver.find_element(MobileBy.XPATH, '//*[@text=" transaction "]').click()                                         #  Print the context of the current page                                                  print(self.driver.contexts)                                                         e = self.driver.contexts                                                                 for context in self.driver.contexts[::-1]:                                                                             if 'webview' in context.lower():                                                                                             aim = context                                                                                                             break                                                                                                                     #  Switch context                                                                                                                              self.driver.switch_to.context(aim)                                                                                                                                     #  Click on 'A Account opening '                                                                                                                                             print(self.driver.window_handles)                                                                                                                                                     A_locator = (MobileBy.XPATH, '//*[@id="Layout_app_3V4"]/div/div/ul/li[1]/div[2]/h1')                                                                                                                                                             WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(expected_conditions.element_to_be_clickable(A_locator))

Enter into APP after , Open a file containing H5 The page of , The system default is Native The context of . If you want to operate H5 On the element , You need to switch to WEBVIEW The context of .
The above code first passes through driver.contexts Find all contexts（ That is context ）, Loop through this contexts, Find the target WEBVIEW, Then switch to this WEBVIEW in , Then perform the corresponding operation . It can be used at this time Selenium The positioning mode of is to H5 The elements of the page .

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