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Architecture practical graduation summary

2022-04-21 14:49:00 【InfoQ】

I have gained a lot of knowledge about architecture through my study in the architecture practice camp in recent months , Thank you, Miss Li 、 The hard work of the teaching assistant and the class , Without your serious and responsible attitude , I guess I won't insist on learning the last . Here is a summary of some key points learned ：

One 、 Complexity oriented architecture design methodology

The essence of architecture design is to reduce the complexity of software system , Increase the performance of the system 、 Maintainability 、 Observability . Architects need to be responsible for the early, middle and late stages of the whole architecture design ：

In the early ： Clarify uncertainty （ Stakeholder analysis + Demand prioritization ）、 Complexity analysis .

Mid - ： Optional technology selection 、 Design and EIA of alternative schemes 、 Determine the final architecture .

later stage ： Overall architecture design and detailed architecture design 、 Architecture quality design and evolution rules .

In each of these periods ,

Three principles of architecture design

And

Architecture 4R

Throughout .

Three principles of architecture design
：

The principle of appropriateness
- Better fit than industry leader , Prevent over design .

Simple principle
- Simple is better than complex , Excessive complexity leads to reduced system reliability .Simplicity is complicated.

Principles of evolution
- Evolution is better than one step , The only constant in the world is change itself .

Architecture 4R：Rank、Role、Rule、Relation
In the process of architecture design, we should always exist in the heart , In order to write vividly .

Two 、 The cultivation of architect's ability

1、 Stability of Architecture

Not everyone in the team has a very clear and comprehensive understanding of the architecture , We need many members to control and be responsible for the specific details . Even with a very clear and comprehensive understanding of the architecture , We also need to ensure the overall stability of the architecture 、 Observability 、 Maintainability 、 ...Testability , And security . By collecting internal and external users 、 Feedback from the operation and maintenance team , Continuously evaluate the system performance 、 Continuously optimize the user experience , Make sure the system is stable 、 Efficient 、 Run safely .

2、 Business domain knowledge

Architects need to have a deep understanding of the business to make a reasonable architecture design . For example, in our first assignment, we need to design a student management system that supports thousands of people . In this case, we analyze the actual traffic 、 Business needs , At the same time, combined with the analysis of stakeholders and costs to avoid typical over design 、 Complex design , And there is still room for evolution . alike , Suppose we need to design Alipay level system. , It must be far more complex than the 1000 student management system . But our

Complexity oriented architecture design + Typical technology selection + Business area

And so on 、 knowledge 、 practice , Can help us unify 、 Perfect system to calmly deal with such design requirements .

3、 Learn typical technical solutions 、 summary 、 to update

For the mainstream of the industry 、 Typical technical solutions should have continuous enthusiasm to learn and update their own knowledge .

Typical system ： Load balancing 、 Distributed cache 、 Message queue 、NoSQL database 、 Stand alone and distributed SQL database .

data system ： Big data engine Hadoop、Spark、Flink etc. .OLAP System Doris、ClickHouse etc. .

The cloud service ： Comparison, advantages and disadvantages of services provided by different cloud service providers .

The above technologies need to be used by architects 、 internals 、 Applicable scenario 、 Have enough understanding of the advantages and disadvantages . meanwhile , Architects also need to constantly update themselves （ Even for the same technology ） Knowledge , In order to avoid falling into the misunderstanding of model selection . As a good architect , We need to keep learning 、 summary 、 Update your understanding of technical solutions to avoid such misunderstandings , So as to better design the architecture scheme .

4、 Learning in an architect's way

In architecture design, we always encounter systems we are relatively unfamiliar with . We should continue to

Use architect thinking to learn such systems

, So that we can use this knowledge to make reasonable architectural decisions . For example, in distributed systems SQL In the selection of database , We need to consider some factors OceanBase But we are not familiar with it . Instead of going directly to its millions of lines of source code , We should adjust our thinking mode , Actively look for resources to learn and explore OceanBase The overall structure of 、 Performance benchmark data, etc . And on this basis, decide whether to carry out Prove-of-Concept Proof of concept , And the subsequent possible application to their own architecture design . In this way, we can avoid the two extremes of the perception of alternative technologies in architecture design ：

Avoid superficial knowledge of optional technologies 、 Avoid data coming from hearsay .

In a limited time 、 energy 、 Under the pressure of the project timeline , Avoid going too deep into the underlying details of optional technologies .

（ If this technology is used for a long time in the future , Then we must continue to deepen at the right time .）

In this way, we can meet the requirements of long-term technology

depth

, It can also ensure the knowledge of other systems in the future architecture design

Breadth

3、 ... and 、 Conclusion and thanks

Accept your own shortcomings ： The growth of architects requires time and continuous efforts , The construction camp is a good start , But it can only be regarded as the starting point ;

Accept imperfections ： Through the practice of each module, it is found that it is impossible to be perfect . You shouldn't have ” If you can't write well, don't write “ This mentality . Try to achieve what you can do , The next time to do leak detection to fill the vacancy , Keep honing yourself .

Methodology is important , Practice is more important .

Continuity is critical , Have your own rhythm .

I sincerely thank Mr. Hua Zai 、 Jialiban 、 Yiyiban 、 Dear teaching assistants 、 The hard work and help of the visiting teacher ！ I wish all teachers and students every success in their work 、 All the best ！ Wish geek time better and better ！

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