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void LED_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(GPIO_LED);                 //  choice GPIO mouth 
    gpio_set_direction(GPIO_LED, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT); // GPIO As the output 
    gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 0);                    //  Default low level 
}

2. Mode two ： To configure gpio_config_t Structure way

gpio_config_t Structure ：

typedef struct {
    uint64_t pin_bit_mask;          /*!< GPIO pin: set with bit mask, each bit maps to a GPIO */
    gpio_mode_t mode;               /*!< GPIO mode: set input/output mode                     */
    gpio_pullup_t pull_up_en;       /*!< GPIO pull-up                                         */
    gpio_pulldown_t pull_down_en;   /*!< GPIO pull-down                                       */
    gpio_int_type_t intr_type;      /*!< GPIO interrupt type                                  */
} gpio_config_t;

To initialize LED For example , The code is as follows ：

void LED_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_config_t io_config;
    io_config.mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT;               // The input mode 
    io_config.pin_bit_mask = (1ull << 15);           // Pin 15
    io_config.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE; // Pull down disable 
    io_config.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_DISABLE;      // Pull up failure 
    io_config.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE;        // Interrupt disable 
    gpio_config(&io_config);
    gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 1); //  High level 
}

3. Test code ：

LED Blink every second ：

Mode one ： Front and back stage mode （ No operating system ）

#include <stdio.h>
#include "sdkconfig.h"
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "esp_system.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "esp_spi_flash.h"
#include "freertos/queue.h"


#define GPIO_LED  GPIO_NUM_2

//led initialization 
void LED_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(GPIO_LED);                 //  choice GPIO mouth 
    gpio_set_direction(GPIO_LED, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT); // GPIO As the output 
    gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 0);                    //  Default low level 
}

// The main function 
int app_main()
{
    LED_GPIO_Init();
    while(1)
    {
       gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED,1);// turn on the light 
       vTaskDelay(1000/portTICK_PERIOD_MS);// One second delay 
       gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED,0);// Turn off the lights 
       vTaskDelay(1000/portTICK_PERIOD_MS);// One second delay 
    }
  
}

Mode two ： Use FreeRTOS operating system

#include <stdio.h>
#include "sdkconfig.h"
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "esp_system.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "esp_spi_flash.h"
#include "freertos/queue.h"


#define GPIO_LED GPIO_NUM_2

// LED Task function 
void led_task(void *pvParam)
{
    while (1)
    {

        gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 1); //  High level 
        printf("LED OFF !\n");
        vTaskDelay(50 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS); // Time delay 
        gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 0);          // Low level 
        printf("LED ON !\n");
        vTaskDelay(50 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS); // Time delay 
    }
}

//LED initialization 
void LED_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(GPIO_LED);                 //  choice GPIO mouth 
    gpio_set_direction(GPIO_LED, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT); // GPIO As the output 
    gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 0);                    //  Default low level 
}

void app_main(void)
{
    LED_GPIO_Init();
    xTaskCreate(led_task,"ledtask",1024,NULL,4,NULL);
}

4. Experimental phenomena ：

Two 、GPIO Input

1. Mode one ： The basic way

Programming logic ：

Take the initialization key as an example ：

void KEY_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(GPIO_KEY);// choice keyIO mouth 
    gpio_set_direction(GPIO_KEY, GPIO_MODE_INPUT);// Set the port to the input mode 
   
}

2. Mode two ： To configure gpio_config_t Structure way

Take the initialization key as an example ：

void KEY_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_config_t io_config;
    io_config.mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;               // The input mode 
    io_config.pin_bit_mask = (1ull << 0);           //key Pin 
    io_config.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE; // Pull down disable 
    io_config.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;      // Pull up enable 
    io_config.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_NEGEDGE;        // Falling edge trigger interrupt 
    gpio_config(&io_config);
}

3. Test code ：

Take button lighting as an example ：

#include <stdio.h>
#include "sdkconfig.h"
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "esp_system.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "esp_spi_flash.h"

//---------- Macro definition -----------
#define GPIO_LED GPIO_NUM_2
#define GPIO_KEY GPIO_NUM_0

// LED initialization 
void LED_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(GPIO_LED);                 //  choice GPIO mouth 
    gpio_set_direction(GPIO_LED, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT); // GPIO As the output 
    gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 0);                    //  Default low level 
}

//KEY initialization 
void KEY_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(GPIO_KEY);
    gpio_set_direction(GPIO_KEY, GPIO_MODE_INPUT);
   
}

// Key scan 
uint8_t key_scan(void)
{
    if(gpio_get_level(GPIO_KEY)==0)
    {
        while(gpio_get_level(GPIO_KEY)==0);
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

// The main function 
void app_main(void)
{
    uint8_t key_value;
    uint8_t ledflag=0;
    LED_GPIO_Init();
    KEY_GPIO_Init();
    while (1)
    {
        key_value = key_scan();
        if (key_value == 1 && ledflag == 0)
        {
            ledflag = 1;
            gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED,0);
        }
        else if (key_value == 1 && ledflag == 1)
        {
            ledflag = 0;
            gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED,1);
        }
        vTaskDelay(10/portTICK_PERIOD_MS);// Prevent the watchdog from resetting 
    }
}

3、 ... and 、GPIO interrupt

Programming logic ：

Example ：

//key Interrupt initialization 
void KEY_Intr_Init(void)
{
    gpio_config_t io_config;
    io_config.mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;               // The input mode 
    io_config.pin_bit_mask = (1ull << 0);           // key Pin 
    io_config.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE; // Pull down disable 
    io_config.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;      // Pull up enable 
    io_config.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_NEGEDGE;        // Falling edge trigger interrupt 
    gpio_config(&io_config);

    gpio_install_isr_service(1); // Register to interrupt service 

    gpio_isr_handler_add(GPIO_KEY, key_isr_handler, (void *)NULL); // Set interrupt callback function 
}

Test code ：

Take the button to interrupt lighting as an example ：

Be careful ： There cannot be any delay operation in the interrupt callback function , Include printf There can't be , If you want to print information, you can use esp_rom_printf(const char *fmt, ...) function .

#include <stdio.h>
#include "sdkconfig.h"
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "esp_system.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "esp_spi_flash.h"

//---------- Macro definition -----------
#define GPIO_LED GPIO_NUM_2
#define GPIO_KEY GPIO_NUM_0

char LED_FLAG = 0;

// led initialization 
void LED_GPIO_Init(void)
{
    gpio_pad_select_gpio(GPIO_LED);                 //  choice GPIO mouth 
    gpio_set_direction(GPIO_LED, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT); // GPIO As the output 
    gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 0);                    //  Default low level 
}

// Interrupt handling function 
static void IRAM_ATTR key_isr_handler(void *arg)
{
    if (LED_FLAG == 0)
    {
        LED_FLAG = 1;
        gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 0);
        esp_rom_printf("LED is ON!\n");
    }
    else
    {
        LED_FLAG = 0;
        gpio_set_level(GPIO_LED, 1);
        esp_rom_printf("LED is OFF!\n");
    }}

//key Interrupt initialization 
void KEY_Intr_Init(void)
{
    gpio_config_t io_config;
    io_config.mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;               // The input mode 
    io_config.pin_bit_mask = (1ull << 0);           // key Pin 
    io_config.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE; // Pull down disable 
    io_config.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE;      // Pull up enable 
    io_config.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_NEGEDGE;        // Falling edge trigger interrupt 
    gpio_config(&io_config);

    gpio_install_isr_service(1); // Register to interrupt service 

    gpio_isr_handler_add(GPIO_KEY, key_isr_handler, (void *)NULL); // Set interrupt callback function 
}

void app_main(void)
{
    LED_GPIO_Init();
    KEY_Intr_Init();
    while (1)
    {
        vTaskDelay(1000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
    }
}