常见Shell命令 - grep（一）

常见Shell命令 - grep（一）

grep命令

参数释义

• -v 不显示匹配行信息
• -i 搜索时忽略大小写
• -n 显示行号
• -r 递归搜索
• -E 支持扩展正则表达式
• -F 不按正则表达式匹配，按照字符串字面意思匹配

使用形式

形式一

grep [option] [pattern] [file1,file2,file3…]

形式二

command | grep [option] [pattern]

案例实操

添加文件

• 内容见下文

查询文件所有内容

$ cat grep.txt

study command for grep
study command for grep file
study command for egrep
study command for tail
study command for vim
study command for rm

查询包含grep的行

$ grep ‘grep’ grep.txt

study command for grep
study command for grep file
study command for egrep

• 追加文本内容，全文如下：

study command for grep
study command for grep file
study command for egrep
study command for tail
study command for vim
study command for rm
study command for GREP

查询不包含grep的行，忽略大小写

$ grep -v ‘grep’ grep.txt

study command for tail
study command for vim
study command for rm
study command for GREP

查询不包含grep的行，不忽略大小写

$ grep -vi ‘grep’ grep.txt

study command for tail
study command for vim
study command for rm

查询包含grep的行，包含在文件中的行号

$ grep -n ‘grep’ grep.txt

1:study command for grep
2:study command for grep file
3:study command for egrep

-E 支持扩展正则表达式，查找包含grep或tail的行

$ grep -E ‘grep|tail’ grep.txt

study command for grep
study command for grep file
study command for egrep
study command for tail

只显示匹配到的行数

$ grep -c ‘grep’ grep.txt

3

egrep

说明： 和 grep使用方式一样， 功能更加强大，支持正则

$ egrep ‘grep|tail’ grep.txt

study command for grep
study command for grep file
study command for egrep
study command for tail

与 、或总结

与条件

$ grep ‘egrep’ grep.txt | grep ‘study’

study command for egrep

或条件

$ grep ‘grep|study’ grep.txt

study command for grep
study command for grep file
study command for egrep
study command for tail
study command for vim
study command for rm
study command for GREP