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GUI编程简介 swing
2022-04-23 08:33:00 【季白九月】
文章目录
3、swing
相对AWT图像编程会更高级，JFrame
3.1窗口、面板
package com.zhang.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//init();初始化
public class JFrameDemo {
public void init(){
//顶级窗口
JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
jf.setVisible(true);
jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
jf.setBackground(Color.pink);//不显示 底色
//设置文字 Jlabel
JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到这里");
jf.add(label);
//容器实例化
//关闭事件
jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//建立一个窗口
new JFrameDemo().init();
}
}
标签居中
package com.zhang.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyJFrame2().init();
}
}
class MyJFrame2 extends JFrame{
public void init(){
JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到这里");
this.add(label);
//让文本标签居中
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(10,10,200,300);
//获得容器
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setBackground(Color.blue);
}
}
关闭事件
更简便
//关闭事件
jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
3.2 弹窗
JDialog，用来被弹出，默认就有关闭事件
警告
原因：已经默认有了弹窗关闭，重复设置了
package com.zhang.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(700,500);
// this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame放东西，容器
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//绝对布局
container.setLayout(null);
//按钮
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
//点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
//监听器
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialogDemo();
}
});
container.add(button);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
public MyDialogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
container.add(new Label("一起学java"));
}
}
3.3 标签
label
new JLabel("xxx");
ICON
图标
package com.zhang.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int height;
public IconDemo(){
}//无参构造
public IconDemo(int width,int height){
this.width=width;
this.height=height;
}
public void init(){
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
//图标放在标签上，也可以放在按钮上！
JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new IconDemo().init();
}
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return this.width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return this.height;
}
}
图片
package com.zhang.lesson04;
import sun.misc.PostVMInitHook;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
public ImageIconDemo() {
//获取图片的地址
JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("原神.png");
//获取 当前class这个类 下面的同级资源 的 名称文件
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
label.setIcon(imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
3.4 面板
JPanel
package com.zhang.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));
//后面的参数的意思，每个面板之间的间距
JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
container.add(panel1);
container.add(panel2);
container.add(panel3);
container.add(panel4);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,500);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
JScrollPanel 下拉框，横拉框的实现
package com.zhang.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
//每一行只能写20个数字，50列
textArea.setText("欢迎学习java");//设置默认的文本域
//d丢进面板里，面板再丢进 容器里
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);//下拉框，横拉框的实现
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
3.5 按钮
图片按钮
package com.zhang.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("原神.png");
Icon icon=new ImageIcon(resource);//把图片变成图标
//把图标放在按钮上
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(icon);
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");//鼠标在上面 会显示文本
//把按钮加在容器上
container.add(button);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(500,300,260,260);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
单选按钮 （分组）
package com.zhang.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo02() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("原神.png");
Icon icon=new ImageIcon(resource);//把图片变成图标
//单选框
JRadioButton jRadioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
JRadioButton jRadioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
JRadioButton jRadioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
//由于单选框只能选择一个，分成一个组,一个组中只能选一个
ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
group.add(jRadioButton01);
group.add(jRadioButton02);
group.add(jRadioButton03);
container.add(jRadioButton01,BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(jRadioButton02,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(jRadioButton03,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(500,300,260,260);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo02();
}
}
复选按钮
package com.zhang.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo03() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("原神.png");
Icon icon=new ImageIcon(resource);//把图片变成图标
//多选框
JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");
container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.NORTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(500,300,260,260);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo03();
}
}
3.6 列表
下拉框 JComboBox
package com.zhang.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo01() {
Container container = getContentPane();
JComboBox status = new JComboBox<>();
status.addItem(null);
status.addItem("正在热映");
status.addItem("已下架");
status.addItem("即将上映");
container.add(status);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo01();
}
}
列表框
应用场景
- 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
- 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容
package com.zhang.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo02() {
Container container = getContentPane();
//生成列表的内容 稀疏数组，压缩数据
// String[] contents={"1","2","3"};
Vector contents = new Vector();
//列表中需要放内容
JList jList = new JList(contents);
contents.add("zhangsan");
contents.add("lisi");
contents.add("wangwu");
container.add(jList);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo02();
}
}
3.7 文本框
文本框 JTextField
package com.zhang.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo01() {
Container container = getContentPane();
JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world",20);//columns允许最大字符
container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo01();
}
}
密码框 JPasswordField
package com.zhang.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo02() {
Container container = getContentPane();
JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();//默认****
passwordField.setEchoChar('*');
container.add(passwordField);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo02();
}
}
文本域 JTextArea
package com.zhang.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
//每一行只能写20个数字，50列
textArea.setText("欢迎学习java");//设置默认的文本域
//d丢进面板里，面板再丢进 容器里
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);//下拉框，横拉框的实现
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
版权声明
本文为[季白九月]所创，转载请带上原文链接，感谢
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42143701/article/details/124286111
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