90% of test engineers use postman for interface testing

Catalog

One ： Preparation before interface test

Two ： Interface test practice

3、 ... and ： understand cookie

Four ： The actual combat of interface test post Interface

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One ： Preparation before interface test

Interface test is a protocol based black box test , Before the interface test , We need to understand the interface information , Then I know how to test an interface , How to check the response value of the interface completely .

So here comes the question , Where can I get the interface information ？ There are three common ways ：

1. Through bag grabbing tools like fiddle,charles Get interface information

2. Through the browser developer tool ,networks View interface request information

3. Of course, the most direct and reliable is the interface document , This is the requirements document for the interface

A standard interface document should basically contain ：

• Interface request address 、 Request method 、 Request header information description

• Interface input parameter description ( Including the type of parameter 、 If required 、 Length range, etc )

• Interface response example 、 Response status code

Now many companies don't have interface documentation , But I don't have to worry about the importance of interfaces , I think testers should take the initiative , Development requires writing interface documents , We need to be more active in testing . Here's what I wrote swagger Interface documentation , You can refer to it ：

Two ： Interface test practice

Generally speaking, interface testing is based on testing tools at the beginning , Such as interface debugging postman, Development and testing use it to debug and test interfaces .

The interface of the demonstration part here is to use Flask Built Mock Serve, We will also share how to learn from 0 Build interface projects

Instance of a ：demo  

Interface information ：

Address ：127.0.0.1:5000/api/demo   

GET type

Parameter is limit   Not required , Indicates a data acquisition restriction

We turn on postman, request demo Interface , As shown in the figure ：

This demo The interface does not need to fill in any parameters , And request header information , So the operation is very simple , Enter the interface address , Select the interface request method , Click on send Direct request successful , Or the response status code of the interface , And response values . Then if get The request has parameters. How to request parameters ？ As shown in the figure ：

stay Params Fill in the parameters in the form of key value pairs , We found that the interface response value at this time info The field has only one piece of data information , Of course limit by 2 when , Just go back to 2 Data . Careful friends may have found out get The parameters of the interface are directly spliced in url Back , Such as ：http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/demo?limit=1,get Interfaces can also be requested directly in the browser , Get the response value

  Software test fishing school ：321255410【 remarks 777】

3、 ... and ： understand cookie

Through an example 12306 Query the train number information interface to understand the cookie, Open the browser developer tool to get the interface address , Request method , Parameters , The response values are shown in the figure :

And then, like example one, in postman Enter the interface address and parameters , Send a request , however , Request failed , Children , Do you have a lot of question marks ：

Then why is there no problem with this interface request in the web page , To postman It's a failure . In fact, when web When developers go to the back end to request this interface , It will send some website information to the browser , User's login status , User's browsing habits, etc Request Headers Medium cookie Pass to the back end , however postman Won't . Then I'll be postman It simulates adding request header information ( Header information is available in the browser ), As shown in the figure ：

Sure enough, the request was successful , Isn't it interesting , Through two get Interface instance , Understand interface testing and cookie. So let's take a look at post Interface of type , By the way, understand the common token, This is also a common question in an interview , How to test the interface authentication

Four ： The actual combat of interface test post Interface

Interface information ： Address 127.0.0.1:5000/api/login   POST type

                  Parameters username Represents the login user name

                  password password   Represents the login password

                 Content-Type：application/json

As shown in the figure :

post Interface first select Body Parameters , Then enter the parameters to send the request . We can see the login interface if the request succeeds , So I went back to one token, It's like an ID card ID, Everyone has it. It's unique . The token It's this person's pass .

token authentication , Simply speaking , I just want to log in , Generally speaking , All interfaces of a system need authentication to request , In other words, first request the login interface of the system , Get the server response authentication , To request other interfaces , Usually put in the request header headers perhaps body In the parameters . If the request is not sent to another interface token You'll be prompted to have no access or log in

about http We have mastered the common protocol get and post The interface test , Of course, there are many other types of interface testing , such as delete,put etc. , There is also the participation for form-data Interface of type , For example, the file upload interface

So for interfaces with different protocols , such as webservice etc. ,dubbo Interfaces we all need to understand through examples . After understanding the various types of interface testing , So we can automate the interface , obtain A set of effective interface automation test scheme , According to the actual test requirements, we can build a test framework suitable for the project .

python Video for automated testing 、Python Automation details 、 Full set of interview questions and other knowledge content . You can join me if you need Software test fishing school ：321255410【 remarks 777】, I hope I can help you on the road of self-study .

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