MILK: MACHINE LEARNING TOOLKIT

Machine Learning in Python

Milk is a machine learning toolkit in Python.

Its focus is on supervised classification with several classifiers available: SVMs (based on libsvm), k-NN, random forests, decision trees. It also performs feature selection. These classifiers can be combined in many ways to form different classification systems.

For unsupervised learning, milk supports k-means clustering and affinity propagation.

Milk is flexible about its inputs. It optimised for numpy arrays, but can often handle anything (for example, for SVMs, you can use any dataype and any kernel and it does the right thing).

There is a strong emphasis on speed and low memory usage. Therefore, most of the performance sensitive code is in C++. This is behind Python-based interfaces for convenience.

To learn more, check the docs at http://packages.python.org/milk/ or the code demos included with the source at milk/demos/.

Examples

Here is how to test how well you can classify some features,labels data, measured by cross-validation:

import numpy as np
import milk
features = np.random.rand(100,10) # 2d array of features: 100 examples of 10 features each
labels = np.zeros(100)
features[50:] += .5
labels[50:] = 1
confusion_matrix, names = milk.nfoldcrossvalidation(features, labels)
print 'Accuracy:', confusion_matrix.trace()/float(confusion_matrix.sum())

If want to use a classifier, you instanciate a learner object and call its train() method:

import numpy as np
import milk
features = np.random.rand(100,10)
labels = np.zeros(100)
features[50:] += .5
labels[50:] = 1
learner = milk.defaultclassifier()
model = learner.train(features, labels)

# Now you can use the model on new examples:
example = np.random.rand(10)
print model.apply(example)
example2 = np.random.rand(10)
example2 += .5
print model.apply(example2)

There are several classification methods in the package, but they all use the same interface: train() returns a model object, which has an apply() method to execute on new instances.

Details

License: MIT

Author: Luis Pedro Coelho (with code from LibSVM and scikits.learn)

API Documentation: http://packages.python.org/milk/

Mailing List: http://groups.google.com/group/milk-users

Features

• SVMs. Using the libsvm solver with a pythonesque wrapper around it.
• LASSO
• K-means using as little memory as possible. It can cluster millions of instances efficiently.
• Random forests
• Self organising maps
• Stepwise Discriminant Analysis for feature selection.
• Non-negative matrix factorisation
• Affinity propagation

Recent History

The ChangeLog file contains a more complete history.

New in 0.6.1 (11 May 2015)

• Fixed source distribution

New in 0.6 (27 Apr 2015)

• Update for Python 3

New in 0.5.3 (19 Jun 2013)

• Fix MDS for non-array inputs
• Fix MDS bug
• Add return_* arguments to kmeans
• Extend zscore() to work on non-ndarrays
• Add frac_precluster_learner
• Work with older C++ compilers

New in 0.5.2 (7 Mar 2013)

• Fix distribution of Eigen with source

New in 0.5.1 (11 Jan 2013)

• Add subspace projection kNN
• Export pdist in milk namespace
• Add Eigen to source distribution
• Add measures.curves.roc
• Add mds_dists function
• Add verbose argument to milk.tests.run

New in 0.5 (05 Nov 2012)

• Add coordinate-descent based LASSO
• Add unsupervised.center function
• Make zscore work with NaNs (by ignoring them)
• Propagate apply_many calls through transformers
• Much faster SVM classification with means a much faster defaultlearner() [measured 2.5x speedup on yeast dataset!]

For older versions, see ChangeLog file