Consensus calculation and incentive mechanism

Consensus mechanism

1. Core

How to ensure consistent blocks generated, verified, compiled, and confirmed to be included in the unified blockchain sequence in the network

Avoid "secondary transactions", which means the user spends the same amount in multiple placesAvoid "selfish mining", which means that each node encapsulates the area by itselfEncapsulated into serially numbered and encapsulated blocks by the resulting sequence of transactions

2. Mechanism classification

1. Proof of Work (POW)Such as Bitcoin 15 minutes block and Ethereum 15 seconds blockEncapsulators in all blocks: computing power + random number calculation + hash value verificationshortcoming:Long block time, low TPS; high energy waste2. Proof of Stake (POS)Such as "currency rights" transactions, using the proportion and time of tokensdoesn't solve the application problem at all3. Share authorization proof mechanism (DPOS)Using a certain number of nodes to replace all nodes, all nodes feedback4.Pool of Validation (POA)Based on traditional distributed consensus technology, it is a consensus mechanism widely used at present.No need to rely on tokens, but the degree of distribution is not as good as the POW mechanism5. Practical Byzantium (PBFT)(1), security, avoid Sybil attack(2), scalability(3), performance efficiency; the realization of the number of transactions(4), resource consumption: such as CPU

Incentives

Rationale:

Insert tokens in the blockchain, and make miners have enthusiasm for block encapsulation by making tokens have transaction valueFor example, the additional issuance of blockchain native tokens to miners who have completed block encapsulationFor example, get the transaction fee paid by the user in the encapsulated block

Advantages:

Avoid spam transactions, motivate miners to provide computing power to the network, and ensure network security