On the integration of steam education in early childhood education

Through the development of kindergartens in China at this stage steam Educational activities can find , Some preschool teachers are right steam There are deviations in the understanding of educational ideas , It is generally reflected in two aspects , namely ： Activity orientation and mechanical imitation . For activity orientation , It allows children's body and mind to indulge in various tools every day 、 In the experience of materials and manufacturing methods , Let children simply think that they are just hands-on participation , Not thinking and solving problems , It is not conducive to children's thinking and questioning of the purpose of the game . For mechanical imitation , In the process of developing the game , Both teachers and children are restrained and disturbed by games , Teachers do not pay attention to the decomposition and reconstruction of game content , Students also obey blindly . Explore the reasons , It's because steam Education and traditional early childhood education 、 The evaluation mode is incompatible .

steam Education focuses on the fuzzy process 、 Clear conclusion , Students think through hands-on operation 、 solve the problem , But children's learning foundation 、 The difference of cognitive ability leads to the difference of problem-solving process . For the traditional teaching mode 、 For the standardized evaluation system , Can't satisfy the teachers and students in steam Experience and needs in educational activities , Regarding this , To solve this problem , It needs to be handled through the following points .

clear steam The theme of educational activities the theme of educational activities . It depends on teachers and young children , Sources include Textbooks 、 Teachers' work regulations and children's Park activities, etc . Find activity topics in dynamic activities . Set a theme of educational activities through some practical problems encountered by children in carrying out regional activities , So as to provide diversified teaching resources . Teacher according to steam Educational philosophy , Design some game projects with research value . such as , Some castles made by children in the construction game have problems such as unstable foundation ,“ How to build a stronger castle ” It is a very meaningful research project , Teachers guide the integration of classroom situations and children's daily life , And “ strong ” As the entry point, the transformation of game activity materials 、 Transfer of teaching situation, etc , Think about how to use a stick 、 Chopsticks, etc. build a warm house for small animals . In the process of hands-on participation, children not only need to carry out scheme design , It also needs to be combined with the body characteristics of small animals 、 Living habits, etc , So that the mathematical knowledge 、 Scientific knowledge is fully integrated with this game . And children in the process of designing and building works , I will share and communicate with my classmates from time to time , In this process, it can help children accumulate a lot of vocabulary , It helps to enhance children's language expression ability and self-confidence .

Find activity topics in static activities . It refers to the guidance of children through valuable questions raised by teachers in classroom activities , And determine the theme of the game activity . Although this is inconsistent with the preset teaching plan , However, it can cultivate children's inquiry ability and logic ability . such as , When the teacher arranges children to observe the ups and downs of different objects in the water , Young children show how to separate objects mixed in water , Then the teacher introduces steam Game activities “ Design a simple water purifier ”, This can not only stimulate students' desire to explore , And it can make children realize the social problems of water resources , To cultivate children's environmental protection spirit 、 Sense of responsibility plays an important role .

steam Selection of activity materials . We need to strictly follow the principle of promoting children's all-round development . For physical materials , It will have a certain impact on the cultivation of children's abstract concept ability , Children can actively integrate game activities with the connotation construction of abstract concepts . Game materials 、 Learning tools are conducive to cultivating children's language expression ability , Increase their vocabulary accumulation , Make its words and sentences more accurate . For some technical tool game materials , It can enhance children's safety awareness , Children can master their skills in the process of observation and learning , Ensure safety and rationality in practical operation , For example, use scissors to cut out an ellipse composed of curves , Make sure the lines are smooth 、 Uniform thickness .
steam Game activity materials are selected from daily life . This is conducive to promoting children's classroom activities to expand to extracurricular activities , Strengthen the transformation and transfer of knowledge . stay steam In educational activities , Some exquisite 、 Advanced technology is not very important and necessary , However, children need to use modern technology to enhance their desire and ability to learn and live .
steam The structure of game activity materials should be consistent with educational objectives . Level I material , The choice of children will inevitably bring interference , In depth exploration of children's problem solving 、 Thinking, etc. hinder . Limited trial and error operation can improve the difficulty of problem solving , Enhance children's desire to explore , If children encounter too many setbacks and failures , It usually increases the risk of learning setbacks .
steam Utilization of activity materials . The materials used in some children's activities are rich in color , It is very easy to attract the attention of young children , This will interfere with children's thinking about important issues , It will even destroy the classroom atmosphere , To reduce children's learning efficiency . In this regard, before starting to operate , Teachers need to strictly follow the principle of stratification to put in and use , Do not throw or choose at will , Thus, this can weaken the stimulation of materials on children's uncontrollable behavior , To prevent children from being adversely affected by the external environment , Strengthen children's in-depth thinking , Ensure that classroom activities can be carried out normally 、 Go on smoothly .

All in all , Whether it's educational ideas , Or teaching mode , Or the selected game theme , Integrate... Into early childhood education steam Education has strong feasibility , This is completely in line with the psychological characteristics of young children 、 Age characteristics, etc . In practical teaching ,steam The integration of education and early childhood education needs children's comprehensive literacy 、 Think about the problem 、 solve the problem 、 Social interaction 、 Team work and other aspects of training and guidance , This can enhance children's learning enthusiasm , Promote the all-round development of children .