docker安装mysql5.7(仅供测试使用)

前言

环境：Centos7.9 mysql5.7 Docker version 20.10.9
mysql数据库建议使用物理机安装，这里使用docker安装mysql仅供测试使用或其他不重要场景使用。

docker 安装mysql5.7

#创建mysql的文件存放目录
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/conf
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/logs
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/mysql
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/conf
[[email protected] conf]# vim my.cnf #创建mysql配置文件
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

default-time_zone = '+8:00'			 #默认时区配置
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION		#设置数据库支持分组
lower_case_table_names=1


#启动mysql5.7容器,并使用-v参数持久化存储mysql的数据
[[email protected] ~]# docker run --restart always -p 3306:3306 --name mysql5.7 -v /usr/local/mysql/conf/:/etc/mysql/ -v /usr/local/mysql/logs:/var/log/mysql -v /usr/local/mysql/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7

#查看mysql5.7容器,已经启动了
[[email protected] mysql]# docker ps | grep mysql5.7
1019a1f67f2d   mysql:5.7  "docker-entrypoint.s…"   30 minutes ago   Up 30 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql5.7
[[email protected] mysql]#

#进入容器查看mysql容器是否可用
[[email protected] ~]# docker exec -it mysql5.7 bash #进入容器
[email protected]:/# mysql -uroot -p123456 #登录mysql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;							#执行命令,一切正常,说明MySQL可用
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

备注：因为我们在启动mysql5.7容器的时候做了主机端口映射,所以外部应用程序直接链接主机ip:3306即可使用容器的mysql数据库。